Cytochrome P-450 Isoenzyme | Antimicrobial | Anticonvulsant | ||||
Substrate | Inducer | Inhibitor | Substrate | Inducer | Inhibitor | |
1A2 | Ritonavir | Rifampin | Ciprofloxacin | Diazepam | Carbamazepine | |
Ritonavir | Clarithromycin | Phenobarbital | ||||
Erythromycin | Phenytoin | |||||
Isoniazid | Primidone | |||||
Ketoconazole | ||||||
Levofloxacin | ||||||
Ritonavir | ||||||
2A6 | Ritonavir | Ritonavir | Phenobarbital | |||
2B6 | Phenobarbital | |||||
Phenytoin | ||||||
Primidone | ||||||
2C | Rifampin | Isoniazid | Carbamazepine | |||
Ketoconazole | Phenobarbital | |||||
Phenytoin | ||||||
Primidone | ||||||
2C8 | Rifampin | Carbamazepine | Carbamazepine | |||
Diazepam | Phenobarbital | |||||
Phenytoin | ||||||
Primidone | ||||||
2C9 | Dapsone | Fluconazole | Chloramphenicol | Phenytoin | Carbamazepine | Valproic acid |
Metronidazole | Rifampin | Isoniazid | Phenobarbital | |||
Ritonavir | Ketoconazole | Phenytoin | ||||
Metronidazole | ||||||
Ritonavir | ||||||
Sulamethox axole trimethoprim |
||||||
Sulfonamides | ||||||
2C18 | Rifampin | Carbamazepine | ||||
Phenobarbital | ||||||
Phenytoin | ||||||
2C19 | Pentamidine | Rifampin | Fluconazole | Phenobarbital | Carbamazepine | Felbamate |
Ritonavir | Isoniazid | Phenytoin | Phenobarbital | Oxcarbazepine | ||
Ketoconazole | Topiramate | Phenytoin | Topiramate | |||
Ritonavir | Valproate | |||||
2D6 | Chloroquine | Tagabine | Valproate | |||
Quinidine | ||||||
Ritonavir | ||||||
2E1 | Dapsone | Isoniazid | Ritonavir | |||
Isoniazid | ||||||
Ritonavir | ||||||
3A3/4 | Clarithromycin | Griseofulvin | Carbamazepine | Carbamazepine | ||
Clindamycin | Nafcillin | Clonazepam | Oxcarbazepine | |||
Dapsone | Rifabutin | Diazepam | Phenobarbital | |||
Erythromycin | Tiagabine | Phenytoin | ||||
Indinavir | Primidone | |||||
Itraconazole | ||||||
Ketoconazole | ||||||
Miconazole | ||||||
Nelfinavir | ||||||
Quinidine | ||||||
Rifamipin | ||||||
Ritonavir | ||||||
Saquinavir | ||||||
3A5-7 | Quinidine | Rifampin | Clotrimazole | Phenobarbital | ||
Ketoconazole | Phenytoin | |||||
Metronidazole | Primidone |
Data adapted from CF Lacy, LL Armstrong, MP Goldman. Drug Information Handbook. Hudson, OH: Lexi-Comp, 2000; 1092-1100; P Hantson, F Leonard, JM Maloteaux, P Maheiu. How epileptogenic are the recent antibiotics? Acta Clin Belg 1999; 54:80-87