With prominent motor abnormalities
- Movement disorders (myoclonus, tremors, chorea, tics, dystonic reactions)
- Structural disease (decerebrate, decorticate posturing)
- Psychiatric disorders (pseudoseizure/conversion, acute psychosis)
Usually "nonconvulsive"
- Epilepsy-related disorders (postictal state, periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges with acute structural lesions)
- Acute encephalopathies (toxic, metabolic-e.g., hypoglycemia, organ failure, delirium related to drugs, alcohol, or infection)
- Psychiatric disorders (catatonia, acute psychosis)
- Sleep disorders (narcolepsy, cataplexy, parasomnias)
- Syncope (cardiac, vagal, hypovolemic; medication toxicity)
- Vascular disease (strokes, transient ischemic attacks)
- Head injury (stupor, coma, amnesia)
- Transient global amnesia (usually clears quickly; rare recurrence)
Adapted from: Drislane FW. Status epilepticus. In: Schachter SC, Schomer DL, eds. The comprehensive evaluation and treatment of epilepsy. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 1997. p. 149-172. With permission from Elsevier (www.elsevier.com).
Reviewed By:
Thaddeus Walczak MD
on:
Thursday, January 1, 2004