| Fungus | Geographic Distribution | Opportunistic Infection? | Clinical Setting | Cerebrospinal Fluid | Systemic Involvement | Treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cryptococcus | Nonspecific | Sometimes | Community acquired | ? Protein | Lungs, skin, bones, joints | Amphotericin B flucytosine |
| nl/? glucose | ||||||
| ? WBC (N, M) | ||||||
| India ink | ||||||
| Crypto- coccus Antigen |
||||||
| Latex agglutin- ation |
||||||
| Coccidioides | Southwestern United States | No | Community acquired | ? Protein | Lungs, skin, bones, joints | Amphotericin B (i.v. and i.t.) |
| nl/? glucose | ||||||
| ? WBC (N, M) | ||||||
| Complement fixation | ||||||
| Candida | Nonspecific | Yes | Prolonged broad- spectrum antibiotics |
? Protein | Mucous membranes, skin, esophagus, genitourinary | Amphotericin B |
| Indwelling catheters | nl/? glucose | |||||
| Abdominal Surgery | ? WBC (N, M) | |||||
| Intravenous drug abuse (IVDA) | Gram's stain | |||||
| Molds | Nonspecific | Yes | Diabetes | ? Protein | Lungs, skin, orbits, paranasal siunses | Amphotericin B |
| Aspergillus | Hematologic neoplasms | nl/? glucose | ||||
| Mucorales | Transplant | ? WBC (N, M) | ||||
| Near- drowning |
Red blood cell | |||||
| IVDA | ||||||
| Histoplasma | Eastern / mid-western United States | Sometimes | Community acquired | ? Protein | Lungs, skin, mucous membranes, heart | Ampho- tericin B |
| Sporothrix | nl/? glucose | |||||
| ? WBC (N) | ||||||
| Blastomyces | Mississippi River Valley | No | Community aquired | ? Protein | Lungs, skin, bones, joints, viscera | Amphotericin B |
| nl/? glucose | ||||||
| ? WBC (N, M) | ||||||
| Nocardia | Nonspecific | Yes | Community acquired | ? Protein | Lungs, skin | Sulfonamides |
| nl/? glucose | ||||||
| ? WBC (N, M) | ||||||
| Gram's stain | ||||||
| Acid-fast bacillus |
M= monocyte; N= neutrophils; WBC= white blood cell; ?= increased; ?= decreased; = positive
