| Category | Drug | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| Antiasthmatics | aminophylline theophylline |
Especially but not exclusively above therapeutic levels |
| Antibiotics | isoniazid lindane metronidazole nalidixic acid penicillins |
Vitamin B6 supplement may protect Especially with renal failure |
| Antidepressants | tricyclics serotonin-specific agents bupropion |
Rarely a practical problem; desipramine may be preferable |
| General anesthetics | enfluraneketamine | |
| Hormones | insulin | By means of hypoglycemia |
| prednisone | By means of hypocalcemia | |
| estrogen | Especially without progesterone | |
| Immunosuppressants | chlorambucil cyclosporine a |
|
| Local anesthetics | lidocaine bupivicaine procaine |
|
| Narcotics | fentanyl meperidine pentazocine propoxyphene |
|
| Psychostimulants | amphetamines cocaine methylphenidate phenylpropanolamine |
|
| Neuroleptics | clozapine phenothiazines butyrophenones |
1%-4% of all patients, depending on dose Molindone, thioridazine, fluphenazine least likely |
| Other | anticholinergics anticholinesterases antihistamines baclofen heavy metals hyperbaric oxygen lithium mefenamic acid oral hypoglycemics oxytocin |
By means of water intoxication |
Adapted from: Bromfield EB. Epilepsy and the elderly. In: Schachter SC, Schomer DL, eds. The comprehensive evaluation and treatment of epilepsy. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 1997. p. 233-254. With permission from Elsevier (www.elsevier.com).
Reviewed By:
Steven C. Schachter MD
on:
Monday, May 31, 2004
