Valproic (val-PRO-ik) acid is the generic name (non-brand name) of a widely used type of seizure medicine. The brand-name form of valproic acid in the United States and Canada is Depakene. In the UK, it is Convulex. Brand names used in other countries include Depakine, Orfiril, Valporal, and Valprosid.

In the body, valproic acid is converted to valproate, so its effects are virtually identical to those of other seizure medicines that also become valproate. These include divalproex sodium (Depakote and Depakote ER in the United States) and sodium valproate (Epilim in the UK and Australia), as well as a liquid form of valproate sodium given by injection (Depacon).

Using generic medicines rather than brand-name ones is often suggested as a way to save money. Sometimes the savings are large, but with other medicines the price differences are pretty small. Investigate and shop around before deciding whether the savings are worth any potential problems.

People who switch from brand-name Depakote or Depakene to generic valproic acid, for example, possibly risk having more seizures or side effects during the changeover, because the body does not absorb the different types in the same way. Switching from one company's generic valproic acid to another company's may have similar risks. So can switching from generic valproic acid to Depakene or Depakote.

All these risks are not fully known. For some people the effects of changing from one type to another are very small. Some use generic valproic acid successfully by always using the same company's product. Then the dosage can be adjusted to achieve the best results.

What's important is that you and the doctor should know what you're getting from the pharmacy and be able to control what type of seizure medicine you get.

Forms
Various companies make and sell valproic acid. The appearance may differ, but the dose (measured in milligrams, abbreviated "mg") usually will be the same. In the United States, it is available in two forms:

• 250-mg capsules
• Syrup (liquid): 250 mg per 5 mL (milliliters)

How to take and store valproic acid
Capsules of valproic acid must be swallowed whole. Chewing could result in irritation of the mouth and throat. They are best taken on a full stomach to avoid stomach upset, but they can be taken without food. (Drink a full glass of water if taking the capsule alone.) Food does affect the rate at which the medication is absorbed by the body, so it's best to be consistent about always taking it with food or not, especially when treatment is beginning.

Valproic acid syrup can be mixed with another liquid or food for better taste, as long as it is all consumed. Be sure to use a standard measuring spoon or dropper for accurate, consistent dosing. Both forms of valproic acid should be stored at room temperature, away from heat, light, and dampness. Don't let the syrup become frozen. Be sure to keep it where children can't get it.

What if I forget?
In general, if you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, delay that dose for a few hours, instead of taking two doses very close together.

Do your best to follow the doctor's directions. If you forget doses often, it may be a good idea to get a special pillbox or watch with an alarm to remind you. You also might ask the doctor about switching to Depakote ER, which is taken only once a day. Doctors know that people are more likely to remember to take their pills if they don't have to take them too often.

Taking the right amount of seizure medicine on time every single day is the most important step in preventing seizures!