In the Western world, doctors and patients debate which antiepileptic drug (AED) is best to use in particular circumstances. But for the majority of people with epilepsy in the world, poverty and limited health care systems preclude use of any AED. Now something is being done about this. Three organizations: the International League Against Epilepsy, the International Bureau for Epilepsy and the World Health Organization have linked to form The Global Campaign Against Epilepsy, popularly entitled “Out of the Shadows.” The Global Campaign has produced several demonstration projects in the Developing World to show the value of education and delivery of epilepsy care. An article in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization in December of 2008, volume 86, pages 964-9 summarizes results of the Campaign in five rural provinces of China. The prevalence of active epilepsy in these provinces is about 1 per 200 people. Starting in 2001, most primary care physicians in the five provinces were educated about epilepsy and given access to phenobarbital pills. Phenobarbital was chosen as the single antiepileptic medication to administer because it is least expensive in a resource-poor setting, stores well and only requires a single daily dose. The demonstration project calculated the percentage of people with epilepsy who were not being treated, the so-called treatment gap. Before the project, the treatment gap was 63%, and after the project 50%. This result demonstrates that an organized program can make a big difference in the care of people with epilepsy in the developing world.