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For those who have or know about pseudoseizures

Fri, 11/05/2010 - 19:00
I have had physiological (ie. not psychogenic) seizures for 6 months, but a 12-year old neighbor of mine who, ah, sees me as role-model (don't ask me why - lol) has suddenly developed psychogenic seizures. It's so obvious it's really sad, and a pediatric neurologist said as much as well. I haven't had any in front of her, however it doesn't take much to see what seizures look like on the internet these days. Under the guidance of the neurologist, her parents and I are working with her on this, and right now the parents are using the "well anyone who has seizures can't do that" approach (play video games, stay up late, swim, eat junk food, you name it). Their next approach is to give her an "AED" (placebo). Anyway, her situation with pseudoseizures has led to questions I have that I would like the folks here who also have pseudoseizures (or know about them) to answer: 1. Do pseudoseizures have a stereotypical pattern of aura, seizure activity, seizure after-effects, etc.? Or, are the seizure-related behaviours for a given seizure type more variable than for physiological seizures? 2. Do pseudoseizures even have aura, and seizure after effects like headache, electrical sensations, etc.? 3. Are AEDs helpful for pseudoseizures? Can one "convince" themselves (consciously or subconsciously) that a particular AED is working, and therefore the seizures seem to come under at least partial control? Or, is the psychological reason for having the seizures too strong for any AED to work? 4. Since very often EEGs, MRIs, etc. can be normal even in those with physiological seizures, how does a neurologist determine that someone is in fact having pseudoseizures (assuming no obvious issues like pre-diagnosed mental disorder, mental or physical trauma, severe stress, etc,)? Thank you in advance for your help!

Comments

Re: For those who have or know about pseudoseizures

Submitted by thebettles on Sat, 2010-11-06 - 21:28

Hi again Deborah,

I appreciate you bringing my attention again to the exact phrasing MJ used to attempt to describe the situation. I imagine you would describe this situation very differently if it were happening to you; a young adult who you are very close to starts showing signs of possibly having seizures or PNES. Possibly it is the wording of the post that is getting in the way here, and possibly MJ cares very deeply for this child, regardless of describing the situation and using language which to you sounds as though the exact opposite were true. 

Are you leaving any room here for any of these possibilities or have you already come to the conclusion that this young child is in for a life of pain and misery and misunderstanding, a life of struggle and hardship.

Do you have the patience to let the mud settle?

You are incredibly insightful, Deborah, and might be tremendously helpful in this situation. This requires not being personally offended by MJ. Can you get there? Can you be helpful even though you see so much ignorance and disdain in this supposed "role model"?

Can you be helpful specifically because of the lapses in qualities you feel MJ should have?

You seem to have an affinity for young adults, telling them to read your blog, if they can "handle it"...

What might be some helpful suggestions for ensuring this young adult gets the care she needs?

much love to all,

marty

 

Hi again Deborah,

I appreciate you bringing my attention again to the exact phrasing MJ used to attempt to describe the situation. I imagine you would describe this situation very differently if it were happening to you; a young adult who you are very close to starts showing signs of possibly having seizures or PNES. Possibly it is the wording of the post that is getting in the way here, and possibly MJ cares very deeply for this child, regardless of describing the situation and using language which to you sounds as though the exact opposite were true. 

Are you leaving any room here for any of these possibilities or have you already come to the conclusion that this young child is in for a life of pain and misery and misunderstanding, a life of struggle and hardship.

Do you have the patience to let the mud settle?

You are incredibly insightful, Deborah, and might be tremendously helpful in this situation. This requires not being personally offended by MJ. Can you get there? Can you be helpful even though you see so much ignorance and disdain in this supposed "role model"?

Can you be helpful specifically because of the lapses in qualities you feel MJ should have?

You seem to have an affinity for young adults, telling them to read your blog, if they can "handle it"...

What might be some helpful suggestions for ensuring this young adult gets the care she needs?

much love to all,

marty

 

Re: For those who have or know about pseudoseizures

Submitted by zealot on Sat, 2010-11-06 - 22:39

Marty,

I am having difficulty with her language.  That is a huge problem.  She does have epilepsy and I know from personal exerience that linquistic skills are one of the casualties.  Still, she makes emphatic statements as if speaking from expertise and then expresses ignorance.  It is troubling.

I don't believe in "shoulds."  I believe MJ may be very frightened for the child and it may be possible that she feels so bad about her own epilepsy that she desperately hopes that the same fate is not in store for the child.  Unfortunately, the PNES hokum is a worse fate than epilepsy. 

The child is being punished for being sick.  She is told that she can't watch TV.  Eat "junk."  Play video games.  All the good kid stuff.  She's still having seizures even though she's being punished for them.  So now they want to give her sugar pills.  Huh.

It is possible that the child has a medical condition other than epilepsy that is causing her seizures.  I've said this before:  "not epilepsy" is vast, uncharted territory.  The seizures are real.  The cause is unknown.  PNES is a label for "I'm too stupid, cheap, or lazy to figure it out so I'll blame the patient."  The Drs. rallying cry. 

I said this before too:  a couple of generations ago Drs. were telling patients with diabetes to go home because it was "all in their heads."  Well, guess what.  Epilepsy is.  That's where our brains are.

The best advice I can give is to tell the parents to take their daughter to a different neurologist.  The kid's not faking if punishment didn't make her "pseudo seizures" go away.  And faking, by the way is not "PNES." 

There is absolutely no evidence that aversive conditioning could be effective in treating PNES as it is associated with PTSD and trauma because of the work done in the 1890s by Pierre Janet.  In fact, punishing an already traumatised person for their trauma symptoms only causes more trauma and exacerbation of symptoms.  One would have hoped that we'd come a long way since then, but apparently, not.

Baruch Hashem.  Hoshia na.

Devorah Zealot Soodak http://psychout.typepad.com/ the zealot needs help! Please read my blog. Thanks.

Marty,

I am having difficulty with her language.  That is a huge problem.  She does have epilepsy and I know from personal exerience that linquistic skills are one of the casualties.  Still, she makes emphatic statements as if speaking from expertise and then expresses ignorance.  It is troubling.

I don't believe in "shoulds."  I believe MJ may be very frightened for the child and it may be possible that she feels so bad about her own epilepsy that she desperately hopes that the same fate is not in store for the child.  Unfortunately, the PNES hokum is a worse fate than epilepsy. 

The child is being punished for being sick.  She is told that she can't watch TV.  Eat "junk."  Play video games.  All the good kid stuff.  She's still having seizures even though she's being punished for them.  So now they want to give her sugar pills.  Huh.

It is possible that the child has a medical condition other than epilepsy that is causing her seizures.  I've said this before:  "not epilepsy" is vast, uncharted territory.  The seizures are real.  The cause is unknown.  PNES is a label for "I'm too stupid, cheap, or lazy to figure it out so I'll blame the patient."  The Drs. rallying cry. 

I said this before too:  a couple of generations ago Drs. were telling patients with diabetes to go home because it was "all in their heads."  Well, guess what.  Epilepsy is.  That's where our brains are.

The best advice I can give is to tell the parents to take their daughter to a different neurologist.  The kid's not faking if punishment didn't make her "pseudo seizures" go away.  And faking, by the way is not "PNES." 

There is absolutely no evidence that aversive conditioning could be effective in treating PNES as it is associated with PTSD and trauma because of the work done in the 1890s by Pierre Janet.  In fact, punishing an already traumatised person for their trauma symptoms only causes more trauma and exacerbation of symptoms.  One would have hoped that we'd come a long way since then, but apparently, not.

Baruch Hashem.  Hoshia na.

Devorah Zealot Soodak http://psychout.typepad.com/ the zealot needs help! Please read my blog. Thanks.

Re: For those who have or know about pseudoseizures

Submitted by 3Hours2Live on Sat, 2010-11-06 - 05:45
Hi Masterjen, The first things I thought of with 12-year olds and role-models, was the three overlapping groups of kids trying to limp like Chester on "Gunsmoke" in a one-TV-Station town, hair and heads saturated with Brylcreem, and desperately failed side-burns. Now, a few neurologists consider epilepsy to be another "fashionable disorder" to highly suggestible individuals. Case studies of active and/or passive inadvertant imitation of epilepsy in children is often limited to that between siblings, with common behavioural assumptions: "Being the other one: growing up with a brother or sister who has special needs" By Kate Strohm (2005), page 177. http://books.google.com/books?id=f0UA61JcCRUC&pg=PA177&dq=siblings+imitating+others+epilepsy&hl=en&ei=SvHUTPfPGZOosAOLq8CNCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&sqi=2&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false "Epilepsy and the Family: A New Guide" By Richard Lechtenberg (2002), pages 212-214. http://books.google.com/books?id=ZTBWrZlfv5wC&pg=PA212&dq=sibling+imitating+epilepsy&hl=en&ei=pALVTPDHDoL6swPUjf2MCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Since epilepsy isn't contagious, with the caveat of environmental neurotoxins resulting in clusters beyond possible coincidence with non-related individuals, people can often learn about and "from" epilepsy (and not just the person with epilepsy, in that siblings are usually conditioned to imitate each other and other role-models), and amongst the aversive, Pavlovian, and operant conditioning from seizures, some conditioned behaviours may be viewed as becoming undesirable. In dealing with any undesirable conditioned behaviours about seizures of other individuals, many neuro-behavioural treatment models make the moderately to very grave mistake of confounding "punishment" with "negative reinforcement" and ignoring the adverse effects of withdrawal of "positive reinforcements" while using the frequency of rewards in schedules of conditioning as secondary punishment (they also waste opportunities by using abstract rewards, as the Limbic System is conditioned much faster with a Lolipop than a federal currency note (even for self-administered adults), and direct and/or accidental punishments create more problems than they solve). One of my favorite concise books on operant conditioning is "A Primer On Operant Conditioning" by George Reynolds (1976), but one with more preview is, and covers much the same techniques, with warnings about "punishments" (but for different subject behaviours): http://books.google.com/books?id=ba58Bh266Q8C&pg=PA76&dq=A+Primer+on+Operant+conditioning&hl=en&ei=MwnVTOmwI4GcsQOMntWNCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=punishment&f=false (IMO the notion of "motivation" doesn't work well in behaviourism/psychology or neurology). Books like "Gates and Rowan's Nonepileptic Seizures" by Steven C. Schachter, W. Curt LaFrance Jr. (2010), chapter 17, seem to easily go "over-board" IMO, as if, like they would recommend pretend surgery, to neuroleptic drugs, for children imitating Chester's limp. Different books and articles on PNES give a widely varying range of opinions, but the ones I most remember are: 1. PNES seizures are much more varied; 2. PNES can be conditioned into many phases and sensations (PNES is just a set of learned behaviours, and as technology is increasing in examining micro-seizures, there may be no sharp dividing line between actual conditioning and micro-seizures being the results of learning); 3. AEDs do not help PNES anymore than a sugar-pill placebo, while some AEDs may result in genuine seizures (all AEDs not working is a general clue to suspect PNES); 4. A neurologist makes a weighted guess that PNES is present, as a hypothesized statistical "match" to a surmised construct doesn't make the construct "real" or valid and objective against any stricter standards. Pre-diagnosed mental disorder, trauma, severe stress, etc., can often just means careless experts mistaking symptoms for their cause, as psychological disorders always can only be implied, while with expensive great care and detail, organic disorders can be explicitly identified. One of my favorite books on blunderously confusing organic disorders with psychological disorders is "Distinguishing Psychological From Organic Disorders" by Robert L. Taylor (2000): http://books.google.com/books?id=nEPw3WvJlGAC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Robert+L.+Taylor&hl=en&ei=Qx7VTNrSMYOusAP0rdmNCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=epilepsy&f=false Tadzio

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