Diagnosing problems with executive functions

Many executive functions are difficult to measure in any precise fashion. Neuropsychologists have developed a range of tests to help them observe many of these abilities in a structured and objective manner. With functions as complex as these, however, it is often difficult to predict how performance on a test will relate to everyday behavior.

To achieve the best chance of an accurate diagnosis, an expert in behavioral neurology, neuropsychiatry, or clinical neuropsychology should obtain and combine data from several sources, including direct observations of the patient's behavior in the office, descriptions of behavior on the outside (from both the patient and another person who is a frequent companion), results of specific tests, and a review of other relevant medical findings.